Loss aversion
FramingA cost framed as an addition reads as a loss and weighs more than the same amount framed as part of the price.
Present the all-in total before the commitment step.
Each entry cites its source study, the journey contexts where it has been observed, and the interventions that have been tested against it.
A bias name on its own is trivia. The library is useful because each entry is attached to the journey contexts where the behaviour actually appears and to interventions with recorded outcomes, which is what makes a diagnosis actionable.
A cost framed as an addition reads as a loss and weighs more than the same amount framed as part of the price. Appears at payment stages, fee disclosure and renewal pricing. Tested intervention: present the all-in total before the commitment step.
An unclear requirement is avoided more strongly than a difficult but clear one. Appears at identity verification, document upload and eligibility screening. Tested intervention: state the exact requirement with an example before the step begins.
Beyond a threshold, additional options reduce the likelihood of any decision. Appears in product browse, provider selection and plan comparison. Tested intervention: lead with three curated options and collapse the remainder.
Silence after a commitment is interpreted as failure, producing recontact or repeat action. Appears after purchase, after submission and during approval waits. Tested intervention: immediate confirmation with a named next step and a committed window.
Both parties underestimate duration, so an open-ended wait feels far longer than a stated one. Appears in approvals, construction periods and fulfilment. Tested intervention: a committed date range with live position rather than a status label.
Perceived unfairness in recovery outweighs the material loss of the original failure. Appears in disruption, complaint handling and compensation. Tested intervention: state the entitlement proactively before it has to be requested.
Twenty-four of 144 entries, published in full, grouped by the family of mechanism they belong to. Each carries the contexts where the behaviour has been observed and the interventions tested against it.
A cost framed as an addition reads as a loss and weighs more than the same amount framed as part of the price.
Present the all-in total before the commitment step.
An unclear requirement is avoided more strongly than a difficult but clear one.
State the exact requirement with an example before the step begins.
Beyond a threshold, additional options reduce the likelihood of any decision being made.
Lead with three curated options and collapse the remainder behind refine.
Silence after a commitment is interpreted as failure, producing recontact or repeat action.
Immediate confirmation with a named next step and a committed window.
Both parties underestimate duration, so an open-ended wait feels far longer than a stated one.
A committed date range with live queue position, not a status label.
Perceived unfairness in recovery outweighs the material loss of the original failure.
State the entitlement proactively, before it has to be requested.
The first number seen sets the scale every later number is judged against, whether or not it is relevant.
Lead with the figure you want judged against, and state the unit of comparison.
A preselected option is accepted far more often than the same option chosen freely.
Set the default to the outcome that serves the customer, and say it is changeable.
A small risk removed entirely is preferred to a large risk reduced, even when the second saves more.
Name one guarantee that is absolute rather than listing several partial reassurances.
Decision quality falls across a session, so late steps are abandoned or answered carelessly.
Move consequential choices to the first third and batch the trivial ones after.
When a judgement is hard, people answer an easier proxy question instead and act on that.
Publish the proxy people actually use, so the substitution runs on your figure.
A benefit that arrives later is discounted sharply against any effort required now.
Give one immediate, visible return for the action taken today.
A wait is remembered by its worst and last moments, not by how long it actually took.
Shape the end of the wait, not only its length: a clean finish beats a shorter mess.
What comparable others do is read as evidence of what is sensible to do.
Show the behaviour of the closest comparable group, not an aggregate total.
A named, accountable source is trusted over the same content presented anonymously.
Attribute the instruction to a named role, with the mandate stated.
The remembered journey is the peak moment averaged with the final one, regardless of the middle.
Design one deliberate high point and a controlled ending for every journey.
The most recent interaction dominates the assessment of the whole relationship.
Time the ask, and place a positive touch before any period of judgement.
Whatever comes to mind most easily is treated as the most likely, not the most frequent.
Replace the vivid anecdote with a concrete, comparable base rate at the point of choice.
What is visually prominent is acted on; what is merely present is not read at all.
Give the one action that matters the strongest contrast on the step, and demote the rest.
Content in a position associated with marketing is filtered out before it is processed.
Place required information in the task flow itself rather than beside it.
An item that differs from its neighbours is noticed and remembered out of proportion to the difference.
Break the pattern once, on the item you want chosen or remembered.
Staying put is preferred even when the alternative is better, because change carries its own cost.
Carry the state across for them, and make the change reversible in one step.
Perceived effort is judged from the number of visible actions, not from the time a step takes.
Reduce visible steps before reducing seconds: three fields beat one long form on perception.
Effort rises as the end comes into view, and stalls when the end cannot be seen.
Show real progress with the remaining steps named, and start it above zero.
Source citations accompany every entry in the product. Outcome figures are based on heuristics, drawn from deployment patterns rather than a single named client.
Every entry cites its source.
Contexts, not just definitions.
Interventions carry recorded outcomes.
144 entries, growing with the engine.
A selection is published here. The complete library, with context mapping and intervention outcomes, is in the product.
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